Abstract：Objective To explore the efficacy of Masquelet technology and Ilizarov technology in the treatment of infectious nonunion.Methods In this study 30 cases of infective nonunion treated by Ilizarov technique and Masquelet technique in the Department of Traumatic Orthopaedics of the 2nd Hospital of Shanxi Medical University were collected.They were 20~65 years old with an mean age of (32.6±11.2)years old.12 cases were treated with Masquelet technique and 18 cases were treated with Ilizarov technique.The treatment time，cost，number of operations，complications and efficacy evaluation were studied.By analyzing the results，the advantages and disadvantages of the two technologies were compared.Results All patients in Ilizarov technique group were followed up for an average of (18.04 ±3.67)months.The average healing time was (19.22±3.52)months.The mean follow-up time of Masquelet technique group was (17.07±2.69)months，and the mean healing time was (6.00±2.17)months.There was significant difference in operation cost between the two groups (P＜0.05)；there was no significant difference in the total number of operations (P＞0.05).There was significant difference in the number of infection control operations and the number of bone reconstruction operations (P＜0.05).Conclusion With current medical level and technical conditions，the implementation of two kinds of surgical treatment of infectious nonunion can basically achieve the goal.Both methods have obvious advantages and disadvantages.Ilizarov technique can completely control infection without worrying about the number of bone defects and it has low or unnecessary requirement for bone grafting and low requirement for the surrounding soft tissue environment.Masquelet technique is limited by bone defect，which not only requires lots of bone grafts，but also can not be completely debrided.Skin grafting is often a necessary step.However，it has low cost and fewer operations，which is beneficial to patients in the course of treatment.
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