A Cadaveric Study of Cervical Spinal Nerve Roots to Improve the Keyhole Approach of Posterior Percutaneous Endoscopic Cervical Discectomy
Department of Spine Surgery,Beijing Luhe Hospital,Capital Medical University
Department of Human Anatomy,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Capital Medical University
Abstract:Objective To provide detailed anatomical information for improving the keyhole approach of posterior percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy by cadaveric study of human cervical nerve roots.Methods Six cervical spine specimens from formalin-fixed adult cadavers were examined.The paravertebral muscles and soft tissues were removed to expose the V point.The keyhole was defined as a circle of 5 mm in radius with the V point as the center.The area of bone removal were measured bilaterally from C3~4 to C6~7.Results From C3~4 to C6~7,the range of the thickness of bone removed from superior lamina,the thickness of bone removed from inferior lamina and the thickness of the bone removed in facet were 5.11~5.69 mm,5.09~5.42 mm,7.15~8.81 mm respectively.The length of the dural exposure at C5~6 and C6~7 was significantly longer than that at C3~4 and C4~5.The distance between C6 and C7 nerve roots and the dural was significantly greater than that at C4 and C5.From C3~4 to C6~7,the distance between “V” points and the dural gradually increased.At C5~6and C6~7 the distance between “V” points and the nerve root was significantly longer than that at C3~4 and C4~5.The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion The keyhole approach described in this study is suitable for cervical nerve root decompression.At C5~6 and C6~7,the lateral facet bone of the “V” point should be appropriately removed to avoid the dura injury and expose the nerve root easily.
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