摘要目的 评估外固定架治疗不稳定性桡骨远端关节内骨折的临床效果。方法 共纳入37例桡骨远端骨折患者,男24例,女13例;年龄23~62岁,平均(43.6±12.9)岁,均行外固定架治疗。术后2周、1个月、3个月、6个月和12个月行常规随访,包括测量腕关节活动度、握力及影像学结果(掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨高度、尺骨变异、关节面塌陷)。上肢功能评定标准(disabilities of the arm,shoulder and hand,DASH)和Gartland-Werley腕关节评分标准用以对功能恢复进行综合评估。记录术后及随访期间并发症发生率。结果 本组患者均获随访,随访时间12~32个月,平均(15.6±1.8)个月。末次随访时,腕关节活动度分别为:屈曲(63.2±7.3)°,背伸(59.3±9.3)°,旋前(68.6±8.8)°,旋后(64.2±7.4)°;桡侧倾斜(19.3±5.7)°,尺侧倾斜(28.6±6.2)°;握力(24.2±2.5)kg。掌倾角(5.3±3.3)°,尺偏角(20.7±3.9)°,桡骨高度(10.3±1.9)mm,尺骨变异(1.5±1.3)mm,关节面塌陷(1.1±1.3)mm。总体功能评分:DASH评分平均(11.5±5.3)分,Gartland-Werley评分平均(3.3±2.9)分。37例患者中8例出现并发症,钉道感染3例,慢性区域性疼痛综合征(complex regional pain syndrome,CRPS)2例,桡神经感觉支受损1例,固定失败、需要重新调整再固定1例,术后僵硬1例。结论 采用外固定架治疗不稳定性桡骨远端关节内骨折有利于恢复关节面平整,纠正短缩畸形,是一种有效的治疗方法,但术后并发症仍然较多,值得临床医生关注。
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