巨噬细胞的极化与脊髓胶质瘢痕形成的一般规律研究

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Abstract Objective To investigate the relationship between macrophage polarization and glial scar formation in mice model of spinal cord injury(SCI).Methods A total of 40 specific pathogen-free male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the model(n=20)and control(n=20)groups.The model group was divided into 1 d，7 d，14 d，and 28 d post-model groups，with 5 mice in each group.The control group underwent the same procedures without damaging the spinal cord.Spinal cord tissue samples were obtained at 1 d，7 d，14 d，and 28 d after SCI，HE and immunohistochemical staining were used to observe glial scar formation following SCI.RTqPCR and ELISA assay were used to detect the expression of M1 markers TNF-a，IL-1β，and M2 markers Arginase-1，IL-10.Results The staining results showed that the glial scar of spinal cord was formed in the experimental group and no glial scar of spinal cord in the control group.The markers IL-1β and TNF-α of M1-type macrophages in the fluorescence quantitative PCR experimental group were higher than those in the control group at each time point after spinal cord injury，and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The highest expression was observed on the 7th day after spinal cord injury，and then decreased gradually，and tended to be stable on the 28th day.There were no significant changes in the expression of IL-1β and TNF-a in the control group at each time point(P＞0.05).IL-10 and Arginase-1 markers of M2 macrophages in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group at each time point after spinal cord injury，and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The highest expression was observed on the 14th day after spinal cord injury，and then decreased gradually，and tended to be stable on the 28th day.There were no significant changes in the expression of IL-10 and Arginase-1 in the control group at each time point(P＞0.05).The expression of the markers IL-1β and TNF-α of M1-type macrophages detected by ELISA were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group at each time point(P<0.01).The expression of IL-1β and TNF-α in the experimental group was the highest on the 7th day after spinal cord injury，and then decreased gradually，and tended to be stable on the 28th day.There were no significant differences in the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α in the control group at each time point(P＞0.05).The expression of markers IL-10 and Arginase-1 of M2-type macrophages in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group，and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The expression of IL-10 and Arginase-1 in the experimental group reached the highest level on the 14th day after spinal cord injury，and then decreased gradually and tended to be stable on the 28th day after spinal cord injury.There was no statistical significance in the expression of IL-10 and Arginase-1 in the control group at each time point(P＞0.05).Conclusion Macrophages were are mainly polarized to M1 phenotype in the first 7 days during glia scar formation after SCI，which were then gradually polarized into M2 phenotype at 7 days，and tended to be stabilized at 28 days after SCI.

Key words： spinal cord injury glial scar macrophage polarization

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