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Abstract Objective To investigate the clinical effect of 3D printing assisted atlantoaxial screw placement. Methods The clinical data of 33 patients who had posterior atlantoaxial screw fixation and fusion in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.Among them，15 patients were included in the 3D printing group (11 males and 4 females).The age ranged from 20 to 80 years，with an average age of (52.87±16.97) years.The control group consisted of 18 patients (13 males and 5 females).The age ranged from 19 to 68 years，with an average age of (43.39±13.59) years.In the 3D printing group，we made models using 3D printing，studied the mdoels，made ideal screw path on the models，and used the models with the ideal screw path as an intraoperative reference.In the control group，freehand screw placement based on surgeon’s experience.Operative time，intraoperative blood loss，fluoroscopy times，postoperative hospitalization days，Kawaguchi grade of screw placement accuracy，visual analogue scale (VAS)，and neck disability index (NDI) at various time points were among the indicators that were compared. Results Patients in both groups were followed up for 12 to 36 months，with an average of (32.88±7.15) months.The operation time of the 3D printing group was (131.07±28.65) min，which was shorter than that of the control group (168.11±61.75) min ( P ＜0.05).The fluoroscopy times of the 3D printing group (9.80±2.21) were less than that of the control group (14.00±3.36) ( P ＜0.05).The VAS score of 3D printing group (2.84±1.04) was lower than that of control group (3.37±1.26) 3 days after surgery ( P ＜0.05).There were 56 screws of Kawaguchi grade 0 in all 60 screws in the 3D printing group，with an excellent rate of 93.33%.There were 57 crews of Kawaguchi grade 0 in in 72 in the control group，with an excellent rate of 79.17%，the difference was statistically significant ( P ＜0.05).There were no significant differences in other relevant indicators among groups ( P ＞0.05). Conclusion The use of 3D printing technology in atlantoaxial screw placement can reduce operation time，improve the accuracy of screw placement，and lower the potential risk of neurovascular injury.Overall，it has a satisfactory effect.
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Corresponding Authors:
Tian Dasheng
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