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Abstract Objective To analyze the influencing factors of vertebral body re-fracture after OVCF cement treatment.Methods The data of 100 patients with vertebral body re-fracture treated with bone cement augmentation surgery in spinal surgery in our hospital from August 2009 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed.Randomly selected 100 patients with no re-fracture after operation in the same period were used for comparison.We compared the gender，age，BMI，BMD，number of vertebral enhancements，bone cement usage，bone cement leakage，AVH recovery rate，bone cement distribution，surgical methods，whether the patients had anti-osteoporosis treatment，other fractures and long-term use of glucocorticoids.Results Univariate analysis showed that there was no significant difference in gender，age，BMI，bone cement usage，surgical methods，and number of vertebral enhancement between the study group and the control group (P＞0.05).However，the study group was more severe than the control group in osteoporosis，with more cases of bone cement intervertebral disc leakage，unequal distribution of long-term glucocorticoid and bone cement，greater AVH recovery rate，and a higher proportion of other fractures.The proportion of regular anti-osteoporosis treatment was even lower (P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the study group had a higher proportion of long-term glucocorticoid treatment，and a lower proportion of regular anti-osteoporosis treatment (P＜0.05).Conclusion Severe osteoporosis，bone cement intervertebral disc leakage，uneven distribution of bone cement，excessive AVH recovery rate，irregular treatment of osteoporosis，other combined fractures，long-term use of glucocorticoids，are all causes of postoperative vertebral fractures after OVCF bone cement augmentation.
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