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Abstract Objective To investigate the cause of vertebral fracture after recent percutaneous kyphoplasty for vertebral osteoporosis vertebral compression fractures.Methods A retrospective analysis of related clinical data of 188 patients with PKP treatment who meet theinclusion criteria was performed.According to the clinical manifestation and imaging of thepatient，the patients were divided intogroup A(surgicalvertebral fracture，n＝24) and group B (Nosurgical vertebral fracture，n＝164).Follow-upafter the operationwasone year at lest.The records included the patient's age、gender、height、weight、body mass index (BMI)、bone mineral density、operation section、injection amount of bone cement、bone cement dispersion morphology、the distance that between bone cement and cranial endplates andcaudalendplates、wear the support time after surgery and whether to use a standardized antiosteoporosis treatment and other related factors，to explore the cause of postoperative surgical vertebral fracture.Results There was no significant difference between group A and group B，in terms of age、gender、height、weight、body mass index (BMI)、operation section、injection amount of bone cement and wear the support time(P＞0.05).For postoperative management of patients with postoperative adherence to the treatment of osteoporosis，group A was not as good asto group B.Six months after surgery，the bone mineral density were(－2.46±0.700)、(－2.21±0.715)respectively.The difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The final follow-up bone mineral density were (－2.37±0.896) and(－1.92±0.804)respectively.There was a significant difference between group A and group B(P＜0.01).The shapes of bone cement in vertebral body were divided into masses and spongy.There were 15 cases and 58 caseswith mass-shapedbonecement，and 9 cases and 106 cases with the spongy-shapedbone cementin group A and group B respectively.The difference was statistically significant(χ2＝6.490，P＜0.05).3 day safter surgery，we measured the distance that between bone cement and caudal endplates.It were(3.38±0.744)mm in group A and(1.98±0.707)min group B.And the distance between bone cement and cranial endplates were(3.13±0.835)mm in group A and(1.82±0.475)min group B.The differences were statistical significance(P＜0.05).Conclusion The refractures after PKP are caused by multiple factors.The important risk factors include bone cement shape、the distance between bone cement and cranial endplates andcaudalendplates and bone mineral density.
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