摘要目的 比较简易五项(strength,assistence in walking,rise from a chair,climb stairs,falls,SARC-F)问卷和握力联合骨骼肌质量指数(skeletal muscle index,SMI)在筛查老年人肌少症中的一致性。方法 2020年1月至12月作者团队采用多阶段抽样的方法抽取宜宾市城乡老年居民503人,其中男268人,女235人;年龄60~88岁,平均(68.4±5.3)岁;年龄段:60~69岁281人,70~79岁159人,≥80岁63人。采用SARC-F问卷筛查肌少症,采用数字握力计测定优势手握力,采用生物电阻抗法(bioimpedance analysis,BIA)测定SMI,分析筛查结果的相关性和一致性。结果 503人平均SARC-F问卷评分为(2.46±1.20)分,年龄越大SARC-F问卷评分越高(P<0.05);共筛出肌少症阳性53例,阳性率为10.5%,不同年龄段阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。503人平均优势手握力为(26.5±4.4)kg,男性握力高于女性(P<0.05),握力随年龄增长而下降(P<0.05);握力异常者140例,阳性率为27.8%,年龄越高握力异常阳性率越高(P<0.05)。503人平均SMI为(6.80±0.72)kg/m2,男性高于女性(P<0.05),SMI随年龄增长而降低(P<0.05);SMI低于正常值者65例,阳性率为12.9%,不同年龄段阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。握力联合SMI共确诊肌少症62例,患病率12.33%,患病率随年龄增加而升高,不同年龄段患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。SARC-F问卷评分和SMI值总体Pearson相关系数r值为-0.486,SARC-F问卷筛查结果和握力结合SMI确诊结果一致性良好,kappa值为0.814。结论 老年人肌少症发生率较高,SARC-F问卷适合肌少症筛查但灵敏度较低,握力结合SMI可用于肌少症的确诊。
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