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Abstract Objective To analyze the cases underwent unicompartmental knee arthroplasty，assess the early outcome，and discuss the indications and the key points of surgical Technique.Methods From December 2013 to December 2016，20 patients diagnosed with medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee who underwent a primary UKA in our department were included in this study.There were 8 males and 12 females who underwent UKA with an average age at the time of surgery of 62.4 years (range，50 to 74 years) .Preoperative weight-bearing long-leg films of the patient were used to show contact of bone of tibia and femor.The anterior cruciate ligament and posterial cruciate ligament were carefully inspected using the MRI，and UKA was performed only if they were intact.The surgical approach for UKA was the minimally invasive medial parapatellar approach.All functional assessments were measured passively with a standard goniometer using Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) scores.Results All 20 patients were followed up for 8 months (range，4 to 18 months) .The postoperative range of movement in was －2°(range，－5°to 5°) to 120°(range，110°～135°).The mean flexion/extension femoral component alignment was 2°extension.The HSS was 69 (range，60 to 82 ) preoperatively，and 91(range，80 to 95) postoperatively.None of the patients in the study required revision in the observed period，no joint infection，dislocations，infection.Conclusion UKA is an effective method for medial compartmental osteoarthritis of the knee.Surgery indications and surgical technique are the key factors for the final results.Surgery indications should be broaden：Firstly，no age limitation.Secondly，Not to be engaged in sports or heavy manual labor .Thirdly，the BMI can be to 33 or more.Fourthly，only with medial compartment osteoarthritis.Finally，the anterior cruciate ligament and posterial cruciate ligament were carefully inspected using the MRI postoperatively.
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